The result was a test so long and so exhausting that virtually nobody is able to keep their answers coherent if an attempt at dishonesty was made. The MMPI-2 was published in 1989, with a larger and more diverse sample having been used as calibration, including not only individuals from the general population and individuals asked to pretend to be good or bad or to have a specific disorder but also taking into account the findings of many scientific studies that led to the inclusion of subscales and the supplementary scales.
Published in 1940, the MMPI was the first comprehensive test that was data-driven, that largely did away with theory, and it was first calibrated by asking inpatient and outpatient individuals of psychiatric hospitals with well-known conditions to answer the test as they would if honest. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) is the most used personality test in clinical settings in the United States it is also the only personality test the results of which are recognized and used by that country's courts of law. Both the long and short forms of the MMPI-2 but not the MMPI-A commonly given to adolescents are available through this link.
